1. Obstetrics Subgroup, Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese Medical Association. Diagnosis and therapy guideline of preterm birth (2014). Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2014;49:481PMID:
25327726.
2. Simmons LE, Rubens CE, Darmstadt GL, Gravett MG. Preventing preterm birth and neonatal mortality: exploring the epidemiology, causes, and interventions. Semin Perinatol 2010;34:408-415. PMID:
21094415.
3. Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet 2008;371:75-84. PMID:
18177778.
4. Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Ventura SJ. Births: preliminary data for 2006. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2007;56:1-18.
5. Slattery MM, Morrison JJ. Preterm delivery. Lancet 2002;360:1489-1497. PMID:
12433531.
7. Hamilton BE, Kirmeyer SE. Trends and Variations in reproduction and intrinsic rates: United States, 1990-2014. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2017;66:1-14.
8. Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, et al. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ 2010;88:31-38. PMID:
20428351.
9. Kamali Fard M, Alizadeh R, Sehati Shafaei F. The effect of lifestyle on the rate of preterm birth. J Ardabil Univ Med Sci 2010;10:55-63.
10. Honest H, Bachmann LM, Sundaram R, Gupta JK, Kleijnen J, Khan KS. The accuracy of risk scores in predicting preterm birth--a systematic review. J Obstet Gynaecol 2004;24:343-359. PMID:
15203570.
11. Selling KE, Carstensen J, Finnström O, Sydsjö G. Intergenerational effects of preterm birth and reduced intrauterine growth: a population-based study of Swedish mother-offspring pairs. BJOG 2006;113:430-440. PMID:
16553655.
12. Langhoff-Roos J, Kesmodel U, Jacobsson B, Rasmussen S, Vogel I. Spontaneous preterm delivery in primiparous women at low risk in Denmark: population based study. BMJ 2006;332:937-939. PMID:
16497733.
13. Jiang M, Mishu MM, Lu D, Yin X. A case control study of risk factors and neonatal outcomes of preterm birth. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018;57:814-818. PMID:
30545533.
14. Zhang YP, Liu XH, Gao SH, Wang JM, Gu YS, Zhang JY, et al. Risk factors for preterm birth in five maternal and child health hospitals in Beijing. PLoS One 2012;7:e52780. PMID:
23300774.
15. Greenland S, Mansournia MA, Altman DG. Sparse data bias: a problem hiding in plain sight. BMJ 2016;352:i1981PMID:
27121591.
16. Greenland S, Mansournia MA. Penalization, bias reduction, and default priors in logistic and related categorical and survival regressions. Stat Med 2015;34:3133-3143. PMID:
26011599.
17. Mohammadian S, Vakili M, Tabandeh A. Survey of related factors in prematurity birth. J Guilan Univ Med Sci 2000;9:117-122.
18. Namakin K, Sharifzadeh G, Malekizadeh AJ. To identify the risk factors in prematurity birth in Birjand, Iran: a case-control study. Iran J Edpidemiol 2011;7:1-5.
19. Heman ML, Albini M. Risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth among aboriginal and nonaboriginal women in Manitoba. J Obstet Gynecol 2000;90:43-49.
20. Lotfalizadeh M, Mohammadzadeh A, Kamandi S, Bagheri S. Incidence and risk factors of preterm birth in Imam Reza hospital-2000-2001. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci 2005;8:93-100.
21. Zafarghandi N, Zafarghandi AS, Torkestani F, Fallah N, Jadidi F. Prevalence of risk factors for preterm birth. J Shahed Univ 2004;12:25-29.
22. Rajaeefard A, Mohammadbeigi A, Mohammadi M, Jolaee H, Alipour H. Evaluation of risk factors in preterm delivery and impact of education in its prevention. Daneshvar Med 2010;17:11-18.
23. Shoja M, Shoja E, Gharaei M. Prevalence and affecting factors on preterm birth in pregnant women Referred to Bentolhoda hospital-Bojnurd. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci 2016;7:855-863.
24. Jakobsson M, Gissler M, Sainio S, Paavonen J, Tapper AM. Preterm delivery after surgical treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Obstet Gynecol 2007;109:309-313. PMID:
17267829.
25. Hedderson MM, Ferrara A, Sacks DA. Gestational diabetes mellitus and lesser degrees of pregnancy hyperglycemia: association with increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102:850-856. PMID:
14551018.
26. Derakhshi B, Esmailnasab N, Ghaderi E, Hemmatpour S. Risk factor of preterm labor in the west of Iran: a case-control study. Iran J Public Health 2014;43:499-506. PMID:
26005661.
27. Nabavizadeh SH, Malekzadeh M, Mousavizadeh A, Shirazi HR, Ghaffari P, Karshenas N, et al. Retrospective study of factors related to preterm labor in Yasuj, Iran. Int J Gen Med 2012;5:1013-1017. PMID:
23271920.
28. Magee MS, Walden CE, Benedetti TJ, Knopp RH. Influence of diagnostic criteria on the incidence of gestational diabetes and perinatal morbidity. JAMA 1993;269:609-615. PMID:
8421365.
29. Tallarigo L, Giampietro O, Penno G, Miccoli R, Gregori G, Navalesi R. Relation of glucose tolerance to complications of pregnancy in nondiabetic women. N Engl J Med 1986;315:989-992. PMID:
3762619.
30. Stagnaro-Green A. Maternal thyroid disease and preterm delivery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:21-25. PMID:
18984665.
31. Casey BM, Dashe JS, Wells CE, McIntire DD, Byrd W, Leveno KJ, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:239-245. PMID:
15684146.
32. Nazarpour S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Simbar M, Azizi F. Thyroid dysfunction and pregnancy outcomes. Iran J Reprod Med 2015;13:387-396. PMID:
26494985.
33. Idris I, Srinivasan R, Simm A, Page RC. Maternal hypothyroidism in early and late gestation: effects on neonatal and obstetric outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005;63:560-565. PMID:
16268809.
34. Blazer S, Moreh-Waterman Y, Miller-Lotan R, Tamir A, Hochberg Z. Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102:232-241. PMID:
12907094.
35. Romero R, Espinoza J, Kusanovic JP, Gotsch F, Hassan S, Erez O, et al. The preterm parturition syndrome. BJOG 2006;113(Suppl 3):17-42.
36. Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1500-1507. PMID:
10816189.
37. Srinivas SK, Ma Y, Sammel MD, Chou D, McGrath C, Parry S, et al. Placental inflammation and viral infection are implicated in second trimester pregnancy loss. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;195:797-802. PMID:
16949414.
38. Yadani S, Bouzari Z, Akhondi S. The comparison of the risk factors in the term and preterm delivery. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2015;17:7-12.
39. Valadan M, Kaveh M, Bagherzadeh S, Hasanzade M. Risk factors for recurrent preterm delivery in three university hospitals. Tehran Univ Med J 2008;65:24-29.