| Placenta previa totalis and previous cesarean section. |
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H K Ahn, E S Kim, J Y Han, M Y Kim, H M Ryu, K H Choi, J H Yang |
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Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Cheil Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between previous cesarean section and subsequent development of placenta previa totalis and placenta previa totalis with accreta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of the case records of all women delivered with the diagnosis of placenta previa totalis during the 5-year period from August 1, 1994, to July 31, 1999, at the Samsung Cheil Hospital. RESULTS: There were 38,215 deliveries in the study period. 237(0.62%) had placenta previa totalis and 56(23.6%) of whom had a history of previous cesarean section. The incidence of placenta previa totalis was significantly increased in those with a previous cesarean section(1.19%) compared with those with an unscarred uterus(0.54%). In the group without antecedent of cesarean section, accretism risk was 11.6%, with one section or more 32.1%. The need for cesarean hysterectomy occurred more commonly in patients who had a prior cesarean delivery, 14 of 56(25%), as compared with patients with no prior cesarean delivery, 6 of 181(3.3%). CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between previous cesarean section and risk of subsequent development of placenta previa totalis. Patients with an antepartum diagnosis of placenta previa who have had a previous cesarean section should be considered at high risk of developing placenta accreta. patients with previous cesarean section have a significantly higher incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and are more likely to undergo emergency hysterectomy. |
| Key Words:
Placenta previa totalis, cesarean section, accreta, postpartum hemorrhage |
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