Current opinion on intrauterine device (IUD).

Kim, Hong Bae

Review

Korean Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 2008;51(7):707-715.
Published online July 1, 2008.

Current opinion on intrauterine device (IUD).

Hong Bae Kim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea. drhbkim@unitel.co.kr

Abstract

Intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe and efficient method of contraception in comparison with the efficacy of tubal sterilization, yet remains underutilized due to biased or outdated information about IUD. It is currently believed that the mechanism of action for IUDs is the production of an intrauterine environment that is spermicidal. IUD does not increase a woman's risk for pelvic infection, ectopic pregnancy, or subsequent infertility. IUD insertion in nulliparous or unmarried women is not contra-indicated. IUD is also a useful contraceptive method for those women without increasing the risk of ascending pelvic infection. The other benefit of IUD beyond contraception includes lowering the risk of endometrial cancer. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system reduces massive menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. The copper IUD is the most effective method for emergency contraception. The careful patient selection and pre-insertion counseling are crucial to the success of IUD.

Key Words: Intrauterine device (IUD), Contraception, Levonorgestrel