1. Stevenson K, Lillycrop KA, Silver MJ. Fetal programming and epigenetics. Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res 2020;13:1-6.
2. Marciniak A, Patro-Małysza J, Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Marciniak B, Oleszczuk J, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. Fetal programming of the metabolic syndrome. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017;56:133-8.
4. Lindsay KL, Buss C, Wadhwa PD, Entringer S. The interplay between nutrition and stress in pregnancy: implications for fetal programming of brain development. biol psychiatry 2019;85:135-49.
5. Hocher B. More than genes: the advanced fetal programming hypothesis. J Reprod Immunol 2014;104-105:8-11.
6. Barker DJ. In utero programming of chronic disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 1998;95:115-28.
9. Hocher B, Slowinski T, Stolze T, Pleschka A, Neumayer HH, Halle H. Association of maternal G protein beta3 subunit 825T allele with low birthweight. Lancet 2000;355:1241-2.
10. Apostolidou S, Abu-Amero S, O’Donoghue K, Frost J, Olafsdottir O, Chavele KM, et al. Elevated placental expression of the imprinted PHLDA2 gene is associated with low birth weight. J Mol Med (Berl) 2007;85:379-87.
11. Yaghootkar H, Freathy RM. Genetic origins of low birth weight. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2012;15:258-64.
12. Hanson MA, Bardsley A, De-Regil LM, Moore SE, Oken E, Poston L, et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) recommendations on adolescent, preconception, and maternal nutrition: “Think Nutrition First”. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2015;131(Suppl 4):S213-53.
13. Moholdt T, Hawley JA. Maternal lifestyle interventions: targeting preconception health. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020;31:561-9.
14. Castro-Rodríguez DC, Rodríguez-González GL, Menjivar M, Zambrano E. Maternal interventions to prevent adverse fetal programming outcomes due to maternal malnutrition: evidence in animal models. Placenta 2020;102:49-54.
17. Saad AF, Dickerson J, Kechichian TB, Yin H, Gamble P, Salazar A, et al. High-fructose diet in pregnancy leads to fetal programming of hypertension, insulin resistance, and obesity in adult offspring. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;215:378.e1-6.
19. Bischoff AR, Cunha FDS, Dalle Molle R, Maróstica PJC, Silveira PP. Is willingness to exercise programmed in utero? Reviewing sedentary behavior and the benefits of physical activity in intrauterine growth restricted individuals. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018;94:582-95.
20. Armengaud JB, Yzydorczyk C, Siddeek B, Peyter AC, Simeoni U. Intrauterine growth restriction: clinical consequences on health and disease at adulthood. Reprod Toxicol 2021;99:168-76.
22. Gibberd AJ, Simpson JM, McNamara BJ, Eades SJ. Maternal fetal programming of birthweight among Australian Aboriginal infants: a population-based data linkage study. Lancet Glob Health 2019;7:e523-32.
23. Osmond C, Barker DJ. Fetal, infant, and childhood growth are predictors of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension in adult men and women. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108(Suppl 3):545-53.
24. Barker DJ. A new model for the origins of chronic disease. Med Health Care Philos 2001;4:31-5.
25. Eriksson JG. Early growth and coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes: findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS). Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94(6 Suppl):1799S-802.
26. Vos LE, Oren A, Bots ML, Gorissen WH, Grobbee DE, Uiterwaal CS. Birth size and coronary heart disease risk score in young adulthood. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Young Adults (ARYA) study. Eur J Epidemiol 2006;21:33-8.
27. Monteiro LJ, Norman JE, Rice GE, Illanes SE. Fetal programming and gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta 2016;48(Suppl 1):S54-60.
28. Koos BJ, Gornbein JA. Early pregnancy metabolites predict gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for fetal programming. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021;224:215.e1-7.
29. Whincup PH, Kaye SJ, Owen CG, Huxley R, Cook DG, Anazawa S, et al. Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. JAMA 2008;300:2886-97.
30. Nissen PM, Nebel C, Oksbjerg N, Bertram HC. Metabolomics reveals relationship between plasma inositols and birth weight: possible markers for fetal programming of type 2 diabetes. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011 2011:378268.
33. Ramírez R. Fetal programming of adult arterial hypertension: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Colombian Journal of Cardiology 2013;20:23-32.
36. Franco MC, Casarini DE, Carneiro-Ramos MS, Sawaya AL, Barreto-Chaves ML, Sesso R. Circulating renin-angiotensin system and catecholamines in childhood: is there a role for birthweight? Clin Sci (Lond) 2008;114:375-80.
37. Galbally M, Watson SJ, Lappas M, de Kloet ER, van Rossum E, Wyrwoll C, et al. Fetal programming pathway from maternal mental health to infant cortisol functioning: the role of placental 11β-HSD2 mRNA expression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021;127:105197.
38. Pinto TM, Caldas F, Nogueira-Silva C, Figueiredo B. Maternal depression and anxiety and fetal-neonatal growth. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017;93:452-9.
39. Jones C, Pearce B, Barrera I, Mummert A. Fetal programming and eating disorder risk. J Theor Biol 2017;428:26-33.
40. Faa G, Manchia M, Pintus R, Gerosa C, Marcialis MA, Fanos V. Fetal programming of neuropsychiatric disorders. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today 2016;108:207-23.
41. Freedman D, Bao Y, Kremen WS, Vinogradov S, McKeague IW, Brown AS. Birth weight and neurocognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophr Bull 2013;39:592-600.
43. Allegra A, Giarratana RM, Scola L, Balistreri CR. The close link between the fetal programming imprinting and neurodegeneration in adulthood: the key role of “hemogenic endothelium” programming. Mech Ageing Dev 2021;195:111461.
44. Kadić AS. Fetal neurology: the role of fetal stress. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9:30-9.
45. Hsu P, Nanan R. Foetal immune programming: hormones, cytokines, microbes and regulatory T cells. J Reprod Immunol 2014;104-105:2-7.
46. Fisher RE, Steele M, Karrow NA. Fetal programming of the neuroendocrine-immune system and metabolic disease. J Pregnancy 2012 2012:792934.
47. Wooldridge AL, McMillan M, Kaur M, Giles LC, Marshall HS, Gatford KL. Relationship between birth weight or fetal growth rate and postnatal allergy: a systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019;144:1703-13.
48. Gatford KL, Wooldridge AL, Kind KL, Bischof R, Clifton VL. Pre-birth origins of allergy and asthma. J Reprod Immunol 2017;123:88-93.
49. Biemann R, Blüher M, Isermann B. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds such as phthalates and bisphenol A is associated with an increased risk for obesity. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021;35:101546.
52. Kiess W, Häussler G, Vogel M. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and child health. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021;35:101516.