| Generation accumulation of murine ovarian genes in offspring exposed to microwave in uterus. |
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Jong Yun Hwang, Sung Hun Na, Hyang Ah Lee, Dong Hun Lee, Hee Jae Lee, Song In Kim, Yong Joon Choi, Hee Yong Hwang |
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea. lahun@kangwon.ac.kr
2Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
3Department of Electric & Electronic Engineering, School of Information Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate generational accumulation of murine fetal ovarian genes following prenatal exposure to 1.765-GHz microwave radiation. METHODS: A 1.765-GHz microwave generator was used. Twenty pregnant ICR mice were divided into two groups: the microwave-exposed experimental (irradiated) group, and the sham-exposed (sham) group. On the fifth day post-mating, dam mice were exposed to microwave irradiation in the insulated cage for 8 hours each day. The remaining mice were treated in the same way. Second generation mice were raised for 8 weeks then classified into four groups for examination. We removed the neonatal ovaries on the seventh day after the third delivery. We investigated the expression of six genes in the ovaries: Tnfaip 8, TNFsf 12, Cfd, CCL 11, Zfp 74, and Brd 3. Real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed using total RNA extracted from the removed ovaries. RESULTS: In the third-generation offspring, we detected some differences in ovarian gene expression between the first group and the fourth. Expression of CCL 11, and TNFsf 12 was decreased in the first group compared to the fourth group. Expression of Tnfaip 8, brd 3, Cfd, and Zfp 74 was higher in the first group than in the fourth group. We found differing results when we compared ovarian gene expression in mice of the second generation with those of the third. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is no generational accumulation of murine ovarian genes in offspring exposed to 1.765-GHz microwaves in the uterus. |
| Key Words:
Microwave, Generation accumulation, Murine ovary, Prenatal exposure |
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